1922 Mussolini marches on Rome 1923 Failed Nazi putsch in Munich 1926 Hirohito becomes Emperor of Japan Mussolini becomes Dictator (il Duce) of Italy 1929 Last parliamentary election in Japan until 1945 Lateran Treaty: Italy recognizes Vatican City 1931 Japanese Army in Manchuria rebels Japanese Army Conquers all of Manchuria, the "Northern Resource Zone" Japan: Zaibatsu (industrialists) support army 1932 Japanese bombard Shanghai, 1st terror bombing of Civilians 1933 Nazi victory in German elections, Hitler appointed Chancellor Germany: Junkers (industrialists) support Hitler Germany: Reichstag Fire (Feb) Germany: 1st Concentration Camps (April) 1934 Hitler elected President of Germany Hitler purges SA leadership Himmler & SS in charge of Concentration Camps Failed Nazi coup in Austria 1935 Germany: Saar plebescite Italian Army invades Ethiopia 1936 Japan: Anti-Imperialist coup fails, leaders executed Germany remilitarizes the Rhineland Mussolini creates Italian East Africa First Toyota automobile built in Japan 1937 Japan announces "New Order in East Asia" Berlin-Rome Axis formed Japanese Army invades China German Condor Legion bombs Guernica in Spain Japanese Army besieges Nanking, "The Rape of Nanking" 1938 Japanese government imposes National Mobilization Law (Martial) German Anschluss with Austria (March) Russo-Japanese border clashes in Manchuria Munich Conference (September) Germany annexes Sudetenland (September) Germany: Krystallnacht (November) 1939 Japan dominates coastal China Germany annexes the rest of Czechoslovakia (March) US moves fleet from Atlantic to Pacific Nazi-Soviet Pact (August) US cancels commercial treaty with Japan Germans & USSR invade & partition Poland (September) Britain & France declare war on Germany 1940 Japan joins the Axis (Tripartite Pact) Denmark & Norway fall to Germany (April) Italy attacks Egypt & Suez from Libya & Ethiopia Japan conquers French Indo-China Holland & Belgium fall to Germany (May) Italy attacks Greece, but driven back Japan attacks Dutch East Indies France falls to Germany (June) British sink Italian fleet in S. Italy Battle of Britain Italian army driven back from Egypt into Libya 1941 Hideki Tojo becomes Prime Minister of Japan Yugoslavia & Greece fall to Germany (April) British & Ethiopians drive Italians from Ethiopia Japan attacks US Fleet at Pearl Harbor (December) Germany attacks Russia (June) Germany forms Africa Corps to aid Italians in Africa Japan attacks British fleet in Gulf of Siam Britain & Russia invade & occupy Iran US declares War on Japan Germany declares War on US (December) 1942 Japan takes Philippines, Singapore, Malaya, Burma German advances in Russia & North Africa Japan takes, Hong Kong, Dutch East Indies Germans take Tobruk, attack Egypt US Bombs Tokyo in Doolittle Raids German defeat at el-Alamein Japan defeated at Coral Sea & Midway Battle for Stalingrad begins (August) US forces land at Guadalcanal Anglo-American landing in French North Africa 1943 US begins Island Hopping war against Japan Germans defeated at Stalingrad (Feb) & Kursk (July) Anglo-American invasion of Sicily (July) & Italy (Aug) Japanese defeated by US in Bismarck Sea Germans defeated in North Africa (January) Italy surrenders (August)